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COMPONENTS OF AN ANALOG, DIGITAL HD (720P) OR FULL HD (1080P) VIDEO SURVEILLANCE CAMERA KIT

1. DVR HD or XVR or Dvr Pentabrid – Digital video recorder (Digital Video Recorder) here is stored information (recordings)
2. Hard Disk – Image storage medium
3. Professional HD or FULL HD analog cameras Hikvision, Dahua or no brand or name
4. power for cameras
5. Cable for transmitting the video signal as well as powering the cameras

6. Cables for cables
7. UPS or backup power supply for autonomy in the absence of optional 220V AC
8. Installation accessories : boxes, cable bed, copex, etc. optional
9. Monitor for local display (can also be laptop or TV) optional

COMPONENTS OF AN IP DIGITAL VIDEO SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM

1. NVR – Network Video Recorder
2. Hard Disk – Image storage
3. Digital IP Cameras
4. Power Source power or POE switch for cameras
5. UTP or FTP cable for networking
6. Power cord, only when POE is not used
7. RJ45 plugs for UTP / FTP cable
8. UPS for autonomy in the absence of optional 220V AC
9. Installation accessories : boxes, cable bed, copex, etc.
10. Monitor for local display

1. DVR / NVR – VIDEO RECORDER

The DVR or NVR are the components of the video surveillance system with the most functions. These are considered the “brain” of a video surveillance system.

Show and record
First, it receives the video signal from the cameras and displays it on the monitor, using the video outputs (CVBS, VGA or HDMI). A second function is recording. DVRs / NVRs can record video, even audio, signals from cameras, an internal hard drive, an FTP server, or even another NVR. More recently, they can be integrated with Cloud, Google Drive or Drop Box services.

Backup </ strong>
DVR / NVR recordings are kept for a short period of time, which varies depending on the size of the hard disk. In case you need to extract certain recordings, the recorder also offers you the local backup function, on USB stick or external hard disk (FAT32 format), or remotely, via internet, from the central monitoring software or even from the browser.

Accessibility </ strong>
The DVR / NVR also allows the internet surveillance of the video surveillance system, using a network cable, or even wireless (only certain models). This function is no longer an option, becoming something standard. Most recorder manufacturers offer their own applications, both for computers (Windows PC, Mac OS, etc.) and for mobile phones (iOS, Android, etc.).

2. HARD DISK – STORAGE MEDIA

Even if at first glance the hard disk of a video surveillance system looks like a normal desktop one, in reality they are created especially for this field. A CCTV system works NON-STOP, and normal hard disks are not designed for such operation.

For dvr, nvr, xvr Sata desktop hard drives are used

The hard disk records video, audio or photo information from the surveillance cameras and the information is automatically subscribed so that you have access to recordings from 5.10 days to 30-40 days depending on the capacity of the hard drive, continuous recording or just on the move, the number of frames set in the dvr on each channel.

Well-known manufacturers in the field, Western Digital Seagate, Toshiba have series dedicated to video recorders.

3. CAMERAS – PROFESSIONAL ANALOG HD OR IP

Choosing the rooms is a rather complex stage, because they have many important specifications, which must be taken into account. First of all, HD analog cameras (HDCVI Cameras, HDTVI Cameras, AHD Cameras, ANALOG Cameras), must be compatible with the DVR and vice versa (See also the article: “Which technology to choose?”). In the case of IP systems, it is recommended that the NVR and IP cameras have the same manufacturer, it is not mandatory, but it is the best option to avoid possible compatibility issues.

protection  (interior / exterior)
First of all, when choosing the surveillance cameras, we must take into account the place where they will be located. If they are installed outdoors, we must check that they have a housing with the appropriate index (IP65, IPX7, etc.), to provide protection at very low temperatures, but also at very high ones. Inside, you can put rooms with plastic housing, without resistance to splashing with water or dust, but you can install even those with resistant housing on the outside (even recommended to provide protection against accidental splashes or even dust).

Resolution (720P, 1080P, 4K, etc.)
Resolution is the main feature of video surveillance cameras. It represents the resolution of a frame in the video recording and implicitly the number of pixels from which it is formed (Ex. 2 Megapixels = 1920 x 1080 pixels). The higher the resolution, the more details we will have in the obtained image.

Infrared illuminator (up to 20 meters, 50 meters, etc.)
Most video surveillance cameras are equipped with an infrared illuminator, consisting of IR LEDs, which produce a light invisible to the human eye. However, this light helps the camera’s image sensor to obtain clear images even in extremely low lighting conditions (even at 0 Lux). The greater the distance estimated by the camera manufacturer, the longer you can get images from a distance.

Lens (fixed, varifocal, etc.)
The type of lens determines the method of adjusting the focal length. In the case of fixed lenses, the angle remains fixed, not being able to adjust. In the case of the varifocal lens, there is the possibility to adjust both the viewing angle and the focus, but only manually, directly from the camera. If you want to adjust the viewing angle directly from the DVR or even from your mobile phone, you must opt ​​for the motorized zoom lens.
The smaller the focal length, the larger the horizontal viewing angle (Theoretical example: 2.8 mm – & gt; horizontal angle of about 90 degrees, and at 6 mm – & gt; 60 degrees)

4. FOOD SOURCE – COMMUNE OR INDIVIDUAL

In a video surveillance system, the cameras can be powered either individually, using smaller sources, for each camera, or from a common source. Both variants are correct, as long as their general supply is centralized and is in the same phase with the rest of the component equipment. The solution with individual source is used for longer distances, because there is a risk of not reaching a useful voltage in some rooms. It is recommended to use power supplies with overload or short circuit protection, possibly with individual safety for each output.

In the case of IP cameras, there is also the option of them being powered by POE, directly from a switch that allows this, or even from an NVR that has such a switch built-in. In this situation, the installation is much simpler, saving time, but most of the time also money, because the power cable disappears, but also the power sources of the rooms.

5-6. CABLES – TRANSMISSION MEDIA

In the case of analog video surveillance systems , both classic and HD, for the transmission of the video signal, both coaxial cable can be used ( Coaxial RG59 , Coaxial RG6 , etc.), as well as network (UTP, FTP, SFTP, etc.), but coaxial cable is recommended. Two-wire cable 2×0.75 mm, 2×1 mm or 2×1.5 mm is used to supply the cameras, depending on the distances. In some situations, when grounding is also needed, a 3-wire cable can be used. In all situations it is recommended to use a good quality copper cable.

In the case of IP video surveillance systems , data transmission, over shorter distances (approx. 100 meters), can be done using network cable (UTP, FTP, SFTP, etc.), and over long distances , using fiber optics and media converters. Being a digital signal, you can even use wifi technology with wireless cameras.

7. MUFE – CONECTICA

Power
Most video surveillance cameras, both analog and digital, need a standard power plug, and the others have connecting strips. If you use POE IP Cameras , you don’t need this jack.

Analog video signal (HD analog cameras)
If coaxial cable is used, you need BNC, RG59 or RG6 plugs, depending on the cable used. They exist in several ways, depending on the cable fastening method: by screwing, by crimping, by gluing or even by screwing. In case you use FTP or UTP cable, it is necessary to use special transmitters, called video balun -uri.

For HD analog cameras, the maximum distance at which the video signal can be transmitted is less on FTP or UTP cable, compared to Coaxial.

Digital video signal (IP cameras)
All IP cameras need an RJ45 jack, the standard jack for internet connection.

8. UPS OR BACKUP SOURCE – AUTONOMY WITHOUT 220V AC is optional

A professional video surveillance system must operate NON-STOP. Thus, the interruption of the basic supply voltage, 220V AC, whether accidental or intentional, must also be taken into account. To resolve this situation, consider an uninterruptible power supply called a UPS or backup power supply to which you attach the battery.

9. INSTALLATION ACCESSORIES – CABLE BED, COPEX, JUNCTION BOXES, ETC.

The realization of the cable routes can be done apparently, through a cable bed, or buried, using copex. To make connections to rooms, it is recommended to protect them using junction boxes, both inside and outside.

10. MONITOR – LOCAL DISPLAY

Any recorder needs a monitor to display images. You can use any monitor or TV that has VGA or HDMI input, depending on the outputs offered by the DVR / NVR. For systems with a minimum resolution of 2 megapixels, it is recommended to use monitors with HDMI video input and minimum Full HD resolution.

Depending on your budget, we recommend Hikvision surveillance cameras and Dahua some of the most famous brands in the world.

The site www.rovision.eu also offers installation of surveillance cameras in Bacau County but also in the whole country through IGPR approved collaborators.